少有人走的路勇哥学习了十来天的QT，边学边写了个小练习。放上来做为一些知识点的备查。
这个小程序的功能有：
磁盘读取歌曲名列表
双击歌曲名调用外部播放器播放
可以支持首拼方法模糊搜索歌曲
控件的右键菜单
功能很简单，但是用到了一些常用的Qt知识点，包括：
QListWidget控件
QTabWidget控件
QPushButton控件
QLineEdit控件
控件相关的信号与槽
SIGNAL和SLOT宏
foreach
try...catch...
QSettings类
QFile类
QTextStream类
QCoreApplication类
QString类
QStringList类
QProcess类
tuple
qDebug
QMap
QMenu
QAction
vistual assist插件
Qt Designer
下面是一些知识点相关的贴子：
磁盘文件操作
控件右键菜单
汉字转拼音
启动外部程序
异常处理
配置文件读写
下面贴上业务逻辑的主要代码：
work.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QSettings>
#include "Config.h"
#include <tuple>
class Work
{
public:
//歌曲列表类型
static enum MusicListTypeEnum
{
allMusic,
selMusic,
//搜索结果列表，用于全部歌曲标签
searchMusicAll,
//搜索结果列表，用于选中的歌曲标签
searchMusicSel
};
private:
//全部歌曲的音乐列表,<歌曲名，歌曲文件名路径串>
QMap<QString, QString> musicListAll;
//选中歌曲的音乐列表，<歌曲名，歌曲文件名路径串>
QMap<QString, QString> musicListSelect;
//全部歌曲名称的拼音字典
QMap<QString, QString> musicAllPyList;
//选择歌曲名称的拼音字典
QMap<QString, QString> musicSelPyList;
Config* config;
private:
//更新歌曲的拼音（全部的歌曲）
void updateMusicAllPy();
//更新歌曲的拼音（选中的歌曲）
void updateMusicSelPy();
public:
Work(Config* config);
~Work();
//读取音乐列表
void readMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype);
//按歌曲名或者简拼搜索歌曲
QMap<QString, QString> searchMuslicList(QString name, Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype);
//取歌曲列表(枚举：allMusic,selMusic)
QMap<QString, QString> getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype);
//添加歌曲到选中的歌单
void addMusic(std::tuple<QString, QString > data);
//删除选中歌单的歌（不能删除全部歌单中的歌）
void delMusic(QString musicName);
//取歌曲名拼音列表（全部歌曲）
QMap<QString, QString> getMusicAllPyList();
//取歌曲名拼音列表（选中的歌曲）
QMap<QString, QString> getMusicSelPyList();
//删除缓存的歌曲列表
void delMusicListFile(Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype);
};work.cpp
#include "Work.h"
#include "CdiskFile.h"
#include "Cchineseletterhelper.h"
Work::Work(Config* config)
{
this->config = config;
}
Work::~Work()
{
}
void Work::readMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype)
{
QString allmusicPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "allMusic").toString();
QString selmusicPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "selMusic").toString();
QString mtvPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "mtvDir").toString();
if (musictype == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic){
QString txt = CdiskFile::readAllTxt(selmusicPath);
if (musicListSelect.count() < 2){
QFile f1;
if (f1.exists(selmusicPath)){
//如果selMusic.txt存在由磁盘缓存文件重建内存表
musicListSelect = CdiskFile::QMapLoad(selmusicPath);
}
f1.close();
updateMusicSelPy();
}
return;
}
else{
try
{
QString txt = CdiskFile::readAllTxt(allmusicPath);
if (musicListAll.count() < 2){
QFile f1;
if (f1.exists(allmusicPath)){
//如果allMusic.txt存在由磁盘缓存文件重建内存表
musicListAll = CdiskFile::QMapLoad(allmusicPath);
}
else{
//如果allMusic.txt不存在则读磁盘文件名重建内存表
QStringList list1 = CdiskFile::getFileNames(mtvPath, QStringList() << "*.mkv");
foreach(QString m, list1){
musicListAll.insert(m, mtvPath + "/" + m);
}
}
updateMusicAllPy();
CdiskFile::QMapSave(allmusicPath, musicListAll);
}
return;
}
catch (...)
{
}
}
}
QMap<QString, QString> Work::searchMuslicList(QString name, Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype)
{
QMap<QString, QString> map;
if (musictype == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic){
auto v= musicListAll.find(name);
if (v != musicListAll.end()){
map.insert(v.key(), v.value());
}
}
else{
auto v = musicListSelect.find(name);
if (v != musicListSelect.end()){
map.insert(v.key(), v.value());
}
}
return map;
}
QMap<QString, QString> Work::getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum musictype)
{
if (musictype == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic){
return musicListAll;
}
else{
return musicListSelect;
}
}
void Work::addMusic(std::tuple<QString ,QString > data)
{
QString selmusicPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "selMusic").toString();
if (!musicListSelect.contains(std::get<0>(data))){
musicListSelect.insert(std::get<0>(data), std::get<1>(data));
CdiskFile::QMapSave(selmusicPath, musicListSelect);
}
}
void Work::delMusic(QString musicName)
{
QString selmusicPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "selMusic").toString();
if (musicListSelect.contains(musicName)){
musicListSelect.remove(musicName);
CdiskFile::QMapSave(selmusicPath, musicListSelect);
}
}
void Work::updateMusicAllPy()
{
foreach(QString m, musicListAll.keys()){
musicAllPyList.insert(m, Cchineseletterhelper::GetFirstLetters(m));
}
}
void Work::updateMusicSelPy()
{
foreach(QString m, musicListSelect.keys()){
musicSelPyList.insert(m, Cchineseletterhelper::GetFirstLetters(m));
}
}
QMap<QString, QString> Work::getMusicAllPyList(){
return musicAllPyList;
}
QMap<QString, QString> Work::getMusicSelPyList(){
return musicSelPyList;
}
void Work::delMusicListFile(MusicListTypeEnum musictype)
{
QFile file;
auto fname1 = config->get("mtvconfig", "allMusic").toString();
auto fname2 = config->get("mtvconfig", "selMusic").toString();
try
{
if (musictype == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic){
if (file.exists(fname1)){
QFile::remove(fname1);
}
}
else{
if (file.exists(fname2)){
QFile::remove(fname2);
}
}
}
catch (...)
{
}
}QtForOpencv.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_QtForOpencv.h"
#include <QLabel>
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QSettings>
#include "Config.h"
#include "Work.h"
#include "CdiskFile.h"
#include "CcsvHelper.h"
#include <QTabWidget>
#include <QListWidget>
#include <QMenu>
class QtForOpencv : public QWidget
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
QtForOpencv(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);
~QtForOpencv();
private:
Ui::QtForOpencvClass ui;
Config* config;
Work* work;
QMenu * allMusicMenu;
QMenu * selMusicMenu;
QAction * updateMusicAction;
QAction * addMusicAction;
QAction * delMusicAction;
//更新音乐列表
void updateMusicList(QMap<QString,QString> data, Work::MusicListTypeEnum type);
//注册UI信号与槽
void ConnectUiEvent();
private slots:
void OnBtnUpdateMusic();
void OnBtnAddSelMusic();
void OnBtnDelMusic();
void OnLineEditSearchMusic(const QString data);
void OnTabChange(int index);
void OnListwAllMusic(QListWidgetItem * item1);
void OnAllMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem*);
void OnAllMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem*);
void OnSelMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem*);
void OnSelMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem*);
void OnUpdateMenuAction(const QPoint &pos);
public:
QLabel* imgLabel;
};QtForOpencv.cpp
#include "QtForOpencv.h"
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2\core.hpp>
#include <opencv2\imgcodecs.hpp>
#include <opencv2\imgproc.hpp>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <qdebug.h>
#include <QProcess>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include "Cchineseletterhelper.h"
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
QtForOpencv::QtForOpencv(QWidget *parent)
: QWidget(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
ConnectUiEvent();
allMusicMenu = new QMenu(this);
selMusicMenu = new QMenu(this);
updateMusicAction = new QAction("刷新歌曲",this);
addMusicAction = new QAction("添加到选中的歌曲", this);
delMusicAction = new QAction("删除歌曲", this);
allMusicMenu->addAction(updateMusicAction);
allMusicMenu->addAction(addMusicAction);
selMusicMenu->addAction(delMusicAction);
connect(updateMusicAction, &QAction::triggered, [=]{
qDebug() << "updateMusicAction";
OnBtnUpdateMusic();
});
connect(addMusicAction, &QAction::triggered, [=]{
qDebug() << "addMusicAction";
OnBtnAddSelMusic();
});
connect(delMusicAction, &QAction::triggered, [=]{
qDebug() << "delMusicAction";
OnBtnDelMusic();
});
// 给控件设置上下文菜单策略
ui.listwAllMusic->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);
//鼠标右键点击控件时会发送一个void QWidget::customContextMenuRequested(const QPoint &pos)信号
//给信号设置相应的槽函数
//以slot函数方式connect
connect(ui.listwAllMusic, SIGNAL(customContextMenuRequested(const QPoint&)), this, SLOT(OnUpdateMenuAction(const QPoint&)));
//以Lambada表达式方法connect
ui.listwSelMusic->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);
connect(ui.listwSelMusic, &QListWidget::customContextMenuRequested, [=](const QPoint &pos)
{
qDebug() << pos;
selMusicMenu->exec(QCursor::pos());
});
//初始化配置
QString inifilePath = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath() + "/myTest.ini";
config = new Config(inifilePath);
config->set("mtvconfig", "allMusic", QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath()+"/allmusic.txt");
config->set("mtvconfig", "selMusic", QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath() + "/selmusic.txt");
config->set("mtvconfig", "mtvDir", "e:/music");
config->set("mtvconfig", "playerDir", "E:/Program Files/SPlayer/splayer.exe");
//初始化工作逻辑
work = new Work(config);
work->readMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
work->readMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic);
ui.tabmain->setCurrentIndex(0);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
auto s = sizeof(double);
}
void QtForOpencv::OnUpdateMenuAction(const QPoint &pos){
qDebug() << pos;//参数pos用来传递右键点击时的鼠标的坐标，这个坐标一般是相对于控件左上角而言的
allMusicMenu->exec(QCursor::pos());
}
void QtForOpencv::ConnectUiEvent()
{
//更新歌单
connect(ui.btnUpdateMusic, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OnBtnUpdateMusic()));
//添加到选中的歌单
connect(ui.btnAddSelMusic, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OnBtnAddSelMusic()));
//删除歌曲（仅选中的歌单）
connect(ui.btnDelMusic, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &QtForOpencv::OnBtnDelMusic);
//歌曲搜索框内容改变
connect(ui.lineEditSearchMusic, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString)), this, SLOT(OnLineEditSearchMusic(const QString)));
//tab标签被点中
connect(ui.tabmain, SIGNAL(tabBarClicked(int)), this, SLOT(OnTabChange(int)));
//全部歌曲列表项目被单击或双击运行
connect(ui.listwAllMusic, SIGNAL(itemDoubleClicked(QListWidgetItem*)), this, SLOT(OnAllMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem*)));
connect(ui.listwAllMusic, SIGNAL(itemClicked(QListWidgetItem*)), this, SLOT(OnAllMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem*)));
//选中的歌曲列表项目被单击或双击运行
connect(ui.listwSelMusic, SIGNAL(itemDoubleClicked(QListWidgetItem*)), this, SLOT(OnSelMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem*)));
connect(ui.listwSelMusic, SIGNAL(itemClicked(QListWidgetItem*)), this, SLOT(OnSelMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem*)));
}
void QtForOpencv::OnBtnUpdateMusic()
{
//刷新歌曲
qDebug() << "OnBtnUpdateMusic";
work->delMusicListFile(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
}
void QtForOpencv::OnBtnAddSelMusic()
{
//添加到选中的歌曲
qDebug() << "OnBtnAddSelMusic";
std::tuple<QString,QString> data;
QString musicName = ui.listwAllMusic->selectedItems()[0]->text();
QString musicPath = config->get("mtvconfig", "mtvDir").toString() + "/" + musicName;
data = make_tuple(musicName, musicPath);
work->addMusic(data);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic);
QMessageBox::about(NULL, "信息", "添加成功！");
}
void QtForOpencv::OnBtnDelMusic()
{
qDebug() << "OnBtnDelMusic";
//删除选中歌曲列表中的歌曲
if (ui.tabmain->currentIndex() > 0){
QString musicName = ui.listwSelMusic->selectedItems()[0]->text();
work->delMusic(musicName);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic);
QMessageBox::about(NULL, "信息", "已经删除！");
}
}
void QtForOpencv::OnTabChange(int index)
{
qDebug() << "tab..." << index ;
switch (index)
{
case 0:
ui.btnAddSelMusic->setEnabled(true);
ui.btnUpdateMusic->setEnabled(true);
ui.btnDelMusic->setEnabled(false);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
break;
case 1:
ui.btnAddSelMusic->setEnabled(false);
ui.btnUpdateMusic->setEnabled(true);
ui.btnDelMusic->setEnabled(true);
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
void QtForOpencv::OnLineEditSearchMusic(const QString data)
{
qDebug() << data;
if (data.length() > 0){
//QString firstLetters = Cchineseletterhelper::GetFirstLetters("");
QMap<QString, QString> map1;
if (ui.tabmain->currentIndex() == 0){
auto list = work->getMusicAllPyList();
auto path = config->get("mtvconfig", "mtvDir").toString();
for (QMap<QString, QString>::iterator i = list.begin(); i != list.end(); ++i){
if (i.value().indexOf(data.toUpper()) >= 0){
map1.insert(i.key(), path + "/" + i.key());
}
}
if (map1.count() > 0){
updateMusicList(map1, Work::MusicListTypeEnum::searchMusicAll);
}
}
else if (ui.tabmain->currentIndex() == 1){
auto list = work->getMusicSelPyList();
auto path = config->get("mtvconfig", "mtvDir").toString();
for (QMap<QString, QString>::iterator i = list.begin(); i != list.end(); ++i){
if (i.value().indexOf(data.toUpper()) >= 0){
map1.insert(i.key(), path + "/" + i.key());
}
}
if (map1.count() > 0){
updateMusicList(map1, Work::MusicListTypeEnum::searchMusicSel);
}
}
}
else{
if (ui.tabmain->currentIndex() == 0){
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic);
}
else if (ui.tabmain->currentIndex() == 1){
updateMusicList(work->getMusicList(Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic), Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic);
}
}
}
void QtForOpencv::OnListwAllMusic(QListWidgetItem * item1)
{
qDebug() << "OnListwAllMusic";
}
void QtForOpencv::updateMusicList(QMap<QString, QString> data, Work::MusicListTypeEnum type)
{
QStringList list1;
foreach(QString m, data.keys()){
list1.append(m);
}
if (data.count() < 1) return;
if (type == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::allMusic || type == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::searchMusicAll){
ui.listwAllMusic->clear();
ui.listwAllMusic->addItems(list1);
}
else if (type == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::selMusic || type == Work::MusicListTypeEnum::searchMusicSel){
ui.listwSelMusic->clear();
ui.listwSelMusic->addItems(list1);
}
}
void QtForOpencv::OnAllMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem* item)
{
//qDebug() << "OnAllMusicListClick";
}
void QtForOpencv::OnAllMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem* item)
{
//播放歌曲
qDebug() << "OnAllMusicListPlay";
auto mtvdir = config->get("mtvconfig", "mtvDir").toString();
auto txt = item->text();
auto playDir = config->get("mtvconfig", "playerDir").toString();
auto pro = new QProcess(this);
pro->start(playDir, QStringList(mtvdir+"/"+txt));
pro->waitForStarted();
}
void QtForOpencv::OnSelMusicListClick(QListWidgetItem* item)
{
//qDebug() << "OnSelMusicListClick";
}
void QtForOpencv::OnSelMusicListPlay(QListWidgetItem* item)
{
qDebug() << "OnSelMusicListPlay";
OnAllMusicListPlay(item);
}
QtForOpencv::~QtForOpencv()
{
delete config;
delete work;
}Config.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QVariant>
#include <QSettings>
class Config
{
public:
Config(QString filename="");
virtual ~Config();
//保存配置项（节点名，键名，键值）
void set(QString, QString, QVariant);
//读取配置项（节点名，键名）
QVariant get(QString, QString);
private:
QString m_qstrfilename;
QSettings * m_psetting;
};Config.app
#include "Config.h"
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QSettings>
#include <QDebug>
Config::Config(QString filename)
{
if (filename.isEmpty())
{
m_qstrfilename = QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath() + "/config.ini";
}
else
{
m_qstrfilename = filename;
}
m_psetting = new QSettings(m_qstrfilename, QSettings::Format::IniFormat);
qDebug() << m_qstrfilename;
}
Config::~Config()
{
delete m_psetting;
m_psetting = 0;
}
void Config::set(QString qstrNodeName, QString qstrKeyName, QVariant qvarValue)
{
/* /mtvconfig/allMusic */
m_psetting->setValue(QString("/%1/%2").arg(qstrNodeName).arg(qstrKeyName), qvarValue);
}
QVariant Config::get(QString qstrNodeName, QString qstrKeyName)
{
QVariant qvar = m_psetting->value(QString("/%1/%2").arg(qstrNodeName).arg(qstrKeyName));
return qvar;
}CdiskFile.h
#pragma once
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")
#include <QString>
#include <QMap>
#include "CcsvHelper.h"
#include "qdir.h"
class CdiskFile
{
public:
CdiskFile();
virtual ~CdiskFile();
//读取文本文件全部内容(文件名带路径)
static QString readAllTxt(const QString filepath);
//取指定目录下全部符合扩展名的文件名列表，递归搜索。（目录路径，扩展名列表）
static QStringList getFileNames(const QString filepath,QStringList filters);
//保存QMap<QString, QString>的数据到磁盘文件。（文件名路径，map数据）
static bool QMapSave(const QString fileNamePath, QMap<QString, QString> mapdata);
//从磁盘文件读取内容到QMap<QString, QString>。（文件名路径，文件名）
static QMap<QString, QString> QMapLoad(const QString fileNamePath);
//由文件名路径串拆分出文件名与目录串
static std::tuple<QString, QString> splitFileNamePath(const QString filenamepath);
};CdiskFile.cpp
#include "CdiskFile.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QDir>
#include "qtextstream.h"
CdiskFile::CdiskFile()
{
}
CdiskFile::~CdiskFile()
{
}
QString CdiskFile::readAllTxt(const QString filepath)
{
try
{
QFile file(filepath);
file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text);
QByteArray ary = file.readAll();
file.close();
return QString(ary);
}
catch (...)
{
throw;
}
}
QStringList CdiskFile::getFileNames(const QString filepath, QStringList filters)
{
QStringList list1;
QDir dir(filepath);
list1 = dir.entryList(filters, QDir::Files | QDir::AllEntries, QDir::Name);
return list1;
}
bool CdiskFile::QMapSave(const QString fileNamePath, QMap<QString, QString> mapdata)
{
auto tup=CdiskFile::splitFileNamePath(fileNamePath);
QString filepath = std::get<0>(tup);
QString filename = std::get<1>(tup);
QDir dir;
if (!dir.exists(filepath)){
if (!dir.mkpath(filepath)) return false;
}
QString tmp;
QList<QString> list2;
foreach(auto m,mapdata.keys()){
list2.clear();
list2.append(m);
list2.append(mapdata[m]);
tmp.append(CcsvHelper::createCSVRow(list2)+"\n");
}
try{
QFile file(filepath + "/" + filename);
file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Text);
file.write(tmp.toUtf8());
file.close();
return true;
}
catch (...){
return false;
}
}
QMap<QString, QString> CdiskFile::QMapLoad(const QString fileNamePath)
{
QMap<QString, QString> map;
auto tup = CdiskFile::splitFileNamePath(fileNamePath);
QString filepath = std::get<0>(tup);
QString filename = std::get<1>(tup);
QFile file(filepath + "/" + filename);
if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text)){
QTextStream in(&file);
in.setCodec("UTF-8");
auto res = in.readAll();
auto list1 = res.split("\n");
foreach(QString m, list1){
auto ary1 = CcsvHelper::explainCSVRow(m);
if (ary1.length() == 2)
map.insert(ary1[0], ary1[1]);
else
{
int k1 = 0;
}
}
}
return map;
}
std::tuple<QString, QString> CdiskFile::splitFileNamePath(const QString filenamepath)
{
std::tuple<QString, QString> tup;
int pos1=filenamepath.lastIndexOf('/');
QString strPath = filenamepath.left(pos1 + 1);
QString strFileName = filenamepath.right(filenamepath.count() - pos1 - 1);
tup = std::make_tuple(strPath, strFileName);
return tup;
}
这款点歌的小程序勇哥还写过其它语言版本的，放这里给各位把玩一下吧：
Python版本的：
《Python Tkinter 学习成果：点歌软件music》
plc+单片机+c#版本：
《欧姆龙cp1h常用指令学习（十四）练习篇一：红外线遥控点歌》
C#版本的：
再早之前，还有一个易语言版本写的，怕被各位鄙视，还是不要放上来了吧。
这个小程序配置采用ini文件，其实相对于xml和C#的对象序列化来生成配置文件来看，是相当的原始。
而且现在也流行用PropertyGrid之类的属性流览控件来设置配置项，我想把这个程序也改造成这样的。
（属性浏览控件指的就是Qt Designer或者vs里面用到的控件属性设置面板）
等勇哥搞出来了会另起一个贴子登出来。
---------------------
作者：hackpig
来源：www.skcircle.com
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
本文出自勇哥的网站《少有人走的路》wwww.skcircle.com，转载请注明出处！讨论可扫码加群：
